- 清水、预制、装饰混凝土及GRC裂缝的成因、预防与处理
- 郭学明
- 703字
- 2021-11-12 11:46:23
建筑类型
1.清水混凝土建筑
2.装配式建筑
3.装饰混凝土建筑表皮
4.GRC建筑表皮
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_01.jpg?sign=1739602675-E4kY54DBDJUzJPDPMqUJEFx9KidwJljZ-0-f2c38f3d0cdc44d4e554c5e932e3137d)
图C-1 纽约清水混凝土超高层公寓
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_02.jpg?sign=1739602675-ic0M3Se9tESblUkqvEvmke3dwSThbo3y-0-004fbdf5df1807733fdbeaddafadc097)
图C-2 沈阳春河里装配式高层住宅
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_03.jpg?sign=1739602675-L93ejzyckhgZGfEZGqxDW4ZWcxcrLitk-0-5ed735906b367f094e19ec5cbc296bf2)
图C-3 加拿大卡尔加里大学装饰混凝土建筑表皮
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_04.jpg?sign=1739602675-4d1X1tEYAMneUky0al4CrGIxLqF8IEFC-0-bff55eece8a9c629653b72af840f6cc4)
图C-4 装饰混凝土质感
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_05.jpg?sign=1739602675-mAXnBAvPZfkwWGUQRDYPGwUkd5tRiVzw-0-b0df0a80cad6bb455b4d6f55509b194f)
图C-5 张家口冬奥会体育馆GRC建筑表皮
龟裂与不规则裂缝
5.龟裂
6.不规则短裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_01.jpg?sign=1739602675-64qYLCIQCA0pcvMpWFLLOUS736vKS3sm-0-d2696c9205a58936b656ca71c6c0e906)
图C-6 凝缩龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_02.jpg?sign=1739602675-8aI0bHoUrK0F9mpDOPffC2c836WBESh6-0-59d4e3b2537827b5ca1268cdb79a3630)
图C-7 预制混凝土早期失水收缩龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_03.jpg?sign=1739602675-62b847vWDMiZrVHMgu3DjXEWR9KtEckt-0-6fd2a50c2848c79220a8e9d044c774fd)
图C-8 纽约吉普斯湾公寓碳化收缩龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_04.jpg?sign=1739602675-TYIvXLnR0OE4WZmPG3gS09cSlmfzNqUS-0-50f2e50b57a7a3adcbdd11e229984361)
图C-9 上海喜马拉雅中心“碱-骨料反应”龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_05.jpg?sign=1739602675-zCbrRUSY3JQUYHprKkVAHJw3qUtS2K6Y-0-a507c8aae25819bb60d756c01823b006)
图C-10 GRC龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_06.jpg?sign=1739602675-b7N37jno0au6WNtSk5bkvYqGclLGvu1i-0-a155a59534642aedbec7b617ff6508f2)
图C-11 装饰混凝土不规则裂缝
冻融、钢筋锈蚀、装饰混凝土裂缝
7.冻融裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_01.jpg?sign=1739602675-oxEf1IX1x1pFRZ6BeZgjlPQEg13ONfOj-0-8a062e7b7dd7e17fe31e142e7081b753)
图C-12 剥离性冻融裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_02.jpg?sign=1739602675-5F5cYTSUqfGVVS5KLVjc2HISr3mPfs9t-0-3e2a08b54156f66ee8fccf4e26a527fb)
图C-13 装饰混凝土表面酥松冻融破坏
8.钢筋锈蚀裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_03.jpg?sign=1739602675-jLs61kqElkKlt8tFK9ez6uUZcxxWhAky-0-cd662361da4043dd8240c3eed6593e98)
图C-14 海边柱子钢筋锈蚀裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_04.jpg?sign=1739602675-wDHSLfNkr3bQyjxThk7BicQfG0iOU9WZ-0-3e41109f8ade067670f7c46104afb2aa)
图C-15 曲面混凝土墙钢筋锈蚀裂缝
9.装饰混凝土裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_05.jpg?sign=1739602675-HFuwzVao04Z7rQks39DkQKY7ly0cV5LQ-0-ef2f472d8e813b66b330a0bfc149895e)
图C-16 装饰混凝土构件穿透洞缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_06.jpg?sign=1739602675-fu7NcSz8p4LKMKBeMhzujpv61ykaXOmh-0-d54ee1ac3babe0f19590e4cab6d68eaf)
图C-17 装饰混凝土板横向裂缝
应力集中裂缝
10.应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_01.jpg?sign=1739602675-8FJEn6eE9IGtwGo1Gv8KduXEilVCysZs-0-4ec611c8a6f394c254f0682ec11a65dd)
图C-18 清水混凝土对拉螺栓孔应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_02.jpg?sign=1739602675-QusGZfUXzXXR0cjHN7G2Rd7cpllY0zko-0-d47600cdb35c7077ab6d1f0c53de5db5)
图C-19 对拉螺栓孔连通裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_03.jpg?sign=1739602675-iCQbRCY121ttIImFEJWKfziaiGCi7wzq-0-cf1d7cf8a49e283eb776b20aceb5da35)
图C-20 预留洞口应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_04.jpg?sign=1739602675-CjVEg8vYdajDlYxbCrb6y1kOnBa9bVgW-0-8b35d30ad284921b624286ab3eca6f6f)
图C-21 预埋件螺母应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_05.jpg?sign=1739602675-hHhJvMrViva7QqCWrGzT8aAefug4Bu0a-0-7360322fd8aa0628c3052fb9236a0c5c)
图C-22 楼梯转角应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_06.jpg?sign=1739602675-6ltl8itnNsbInhWiRaepE4holvsFRC3K-0-d7ff522549e3e8c56a1f8fd800c3c30d)
图C-23 形体变化处应力集中裂缝
现浇混凝土墙体裂缝
11.现浇混凝土墙体裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_01.jpg?sign=1739602675-I3vFRSSHZrBeIpfzzByJQROhvr5PiGD1-0-16f7ffc15b350e3dd932e8334f092090)
图C-24 现浇清水混凝土长墙裂缝,一段距离一道裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_02.jpg?sign=1739602675-X52TwXVZKrPezmGsCsY3RuRoFv8VORnT-0-6bb30225ec164dd26eb90a0e0d8a76ce)
图C-25 清水混凝土长墙严重的竖向裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_03.jpg?sign=1739602675-8HorRVvkV1cpQ3zPAT8NN5bwQQkGiymf-0-faded6fb830db2ad3565608b8a804a03)
图C-26 端部刚性约束墙体裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_04.jpg?sign=1739602675-lfyUtWjlBAUeYQmi7BslAht0J0ZAYsxI-0-dff76c6f5dd2bc23a1eb1c2d4f88360e)
图C-27 清水混凝土墙体斜裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_05.jpg?sign=1739602675-BQU16nhrcboa22EmNMKxCFD6fbvzrh91-0-034dcfb6a2f3542daecaf0f7556f0f6a)
图C-28 曲面墙洞顶裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_06.jpg?sign=1739602675-eCyUHW7STU6DXSBSjDrhMNuPXKKSjlQ5-0-ef43dc78f55a966816a55c127ccaa416)
图C-29 墙体局部约束裂缝
现浇柱、梁、板裂缝
12.现浇柱、梁、板
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_01.jpg?sign=1739602675-V8vHiz7CoNbm505hlFOE04ToufKTeXMF-0-b0739d0c5a8bbfea457b4aa9ed237b31)
图C-30 柱子横裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_02.jpg?sign=1739602675-KMGPyFXlikY86Vx7eMYcHlmske16Tqpv-0-c6c7465557ce49eae1fe021fa6fd3477)
图C-31 柱子横裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_03.jpg?sign=1739602675-RuC7onnKO8IbZVESZ6wU00IdOa9aDBVL-0-a346baf2f9fb1e95a3eb73b5dce680d2)
图C-32 施工因素柱子横裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_04.jpg?sign=1739602675-qaJBh5ysaOuSy3JjOJulXa5TRkMwRwnx-0-c59501e70636d836e0069be9b875a218)
图C-33 梁裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_05.jpg?sign=1739602675-4RcN5A2B5kj2EnIq6fQJDxnbHCvDTffO-0-a9ea5c1387fd0dad09c17ddd8e72eef9)
图C-34 梁裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_06.jpg?sign=1739602675-4v9uJj6QvrLSXVJ5Rjl7jNmeT5RCy1Sr-0-55c14221b809c35fda17ef42fe377a54)
图C-35 墙板裂缝
PC构件裂缝
13.PC构件裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_01.jpg?sign=1739602675-IYa33IKPPFd4FDZxqGNGDRP8hSgufr1h-0-b27c78498a89b6e076aef329e002319c)
图C-36 构件脱模时裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_02.jpg?sign=1739602675-0LGZyABFEj4kIpagZ6Z6ThVbYdY7ARDD-0-13f5344cc2c16f2553e2cc765575ea1a)
图C-37 叠合板顶纵向裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_03.jpg?sign=1739602675-SLisNBNXa4UX21nf5qLRv8Aaesp6sL9E-0-3d783c5bc33ede15a94a3f49a2ebf3e0)
图C-38 预埋管筒处裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_04.jpg?sign=1739602675-7hX5dbJNyTftKObt8C4tI2jh652XP7PI-0-fe3f49b63ab77bb5d11f8f5fe49d1e4d)
图C-39 吊点部位裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_05.jpg?sign=1739602675-Uz2wiKG2Q6Yh5EJItARBZ3nUCjjvMkRr-0-a14e0e6dbacb2caff437ddf885b503e9)
图C-40 楼梯踏角脱模裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_06.jpg?sign=1739602675-1Tz5HIyiUc2OZVEYnUAgmedEWgRphnBK-0-9bcc3f623d34720b9fd87a88d78566f6)
图C-41 存放产生的裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_07.jpg?sign=1739602675-aQ6AmV6zCbHIUlTJC5buSDoeuJf6iybY-0-6d2407e827af9d93e002bcac30220733)
图C-42 叠合板安装后的裂缝
GRC裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_01.jpg?sign=1739602675-vV3I1AMZACdhxPsM34IXYSD6h2a0njsr-0-d89904a97f047c268a109abfa34e9a3b)
图C-43 形体与节点刚性约束作用裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_02.jpg?sign=1739602675-QAP9u5fCdU8USiGAeNx8sKFQ4M756rPY-0-ac939f4e1d2b6e32c05eb2b764367ede)
图C-44 节点刚性约束裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_03.jpg?sign=1739602675-kP6vvo6rzAWg5LbwDC25k6MKrdCI04vP-0-3274a3452864629fb3c333c3a8aaab6c)
图C-45 干湿变形收缩被约束裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_04.jpg?sign=1739602675-xb1237ZAZlVfdHT2uzAQzyq6uvmHngco-0-d2011f3e6a6f361885ec0efb13405758)
图C-46 主体结构变形作用斜裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_05.jpg?sign=1739602675-qPtjorHvHPiSyCiVuDEQ0qCuyUeAL1mr-0-57243bb14c8d4d036da9c8df87b05a57)
图C-47 构件边缘裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_06.jpg?sign=1739602675-YWQ0eknqnm7e6xYzlNfTwOHqDYpNfGdX-0-fef80f66720ba8d843ecc1c445872ef9)
图C-48 构件接缝裂缝